1301. ANTIMALARIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY AND DRUG RESISTANCE CHARACTERIZATION STUDIES OF PLASMODIUM SPECIES ISOLATES FROM PATIENTS IN SABON-WUSE, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA

ABSTRACT

About half of Nigerian population experience at least one episode of malaria per year, resulting in high morbidity and mortality and loss of economic value. Retrospective study of the profile of malarial patients and the antimalarial drugs prescribed at Umaru Musa Yaradua memorial Hospital, Sabon-Wuse, Niger State, Nigeria were undertaken. The Plasmodium species among the malarial patients were also studied. The susceptibility of the predominant species to the prescribed an...

1302. ANTIMALARIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY AND DRUG RESISTANCE CHARACTERIZATION STUDIES OF PLASMODIUM SPECIES ISOLATES FROM PATIENTS IN SABON-WUSE, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA

ABSTRACT

About half of Nigerian population experience at least one episode of malaria per year, resulting in high morbidity and mortality and loss of economic value. Retrospective study of the profile of malarial patients and the antimalarial drugs prescribed at Umaru Musa Yaradua memorial Hospital, Sabon-Wuse, Niger State, Nigeria were undertaken. The Plasmodium species among the malarial patients were also studied. The susceptibility of the predominant species to the prescribed an...

1303. ANTILIPIDEMIC EFFECT OF WATER (H20) EXTRACT OF DESMODIUM VELUTINUM LEAVES ON ALBINO WISTAR RATS

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the antilipidemic activity of water extracts from leaves of Desmodium velutinum on albino wistar rats. The phytochemical analysis of the leaf extract showed the presence of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, soluble carbohydrates, flavonoids, reducing sugar, steroids, cyanide and terpenoids. The animals were treated with known drugs (atorvastatin 2ml). There were significantly reductions in HDL 13.00   1.41 mg/dl LDL 1.20

0.14 mg/dl and t...

1304. ANTI-HYPERLIPIDEMIC POTENTIAL OF VITEX DONIANAETHANOLEXTRACTS ON POLOXAMER 407 INDUCED HYPERLIPIDEMIC AND NORMAL RATS.

ABSTRACT

Anti-hyperlipidemic potential of extracts (aqueous, 70% methanol, 70% ethanol and 70%, acetone) of Vitexdoniana leaves, stem bark and root bark on poloxamer 407 induced hyperlipidemic and normal rats was investigated. Phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids and tannins in the leaves, stem bark and root bark. The average total polyphenol contents of the leaves ethanol (36.11±3.13mg/g gallic a...

1305. ANTIHYPERGLYCAEMIC AND ANTIBACTERIAL EVALUATION OF METHANOL TUBER EXTRACT OF CHLOROPHYTUM ALISMIFOLIUM BAKER (LILIACEAE)

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder which affects about 346 million people globally. Synthetic antidiabetic agents are expensive and also associated with side effects. In a bid to develop cheaper and safer antidiabetic agents, this study was carried out to determine the effect of the methanol tuber extract of Chlorophytumalismifolium.It is used in folkloric medicine for the treatment of diabetes and bacterial infections. The dried powdered tubers was extracted using s...

1306. ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS FERMENTATION BROTH AGAINST PHYTO- PATHOGENIC FUNGI FROM ROTTEN YAM

ABSTRACT

Yam tubers are prone to infestation by microorganism at all stages of growth and in storage. This rot reduces the quality of yam and affects food security. Pseudomonas fluorescens possess varieties of promising antifungal properties through production of secondary metabolites which makes it a biocontrol agent against many phyto-pathogens. In this study, the antifungal activities of metabolite produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens isolated in Zaria was evaluated. Rhizosphere s...

1307. ANTIDIARRHOEAL AND TOXICITY STUDIES ON METHANOL LEAF EXTRACT OF COMBRETUM HYPOPILINUM DIELS (COMBRETACEAE) IN MICE AND RATS

ABSTRACT

The plant Combretum hypopilinum has been used in traditional medicine to treat diarrhoea and other gastrointestinal diseases. This study aimed to investigate the antidiarrhoeal activity and toxicity profile of the methanol leaf extract of Combretum hypopilinum (MECH) in mice and rats. The phytochemical screening was conducted and the oral median lethal dose (LD50) was determined using standard methods. Antidiarrhoeal activity of MECH (250, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg) was evaluated...

1308. ANTIDIARRHOAEL EFFECT OF METHANOL STEM BARK EXTRACT OF HYMENOCARDIA ACIDA (EUPHOBIACEAE) IN LABORATORY ANIMALS

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antidiarrheal activity of the methanol stem bark extract of   Hymenocardia acida in some laboratory animals. They methanol stem bark extract of Hymenocardia acida (MEHA) was prepared from the freshly collected stem bark of the plant. The stem bark was collected from Galadimawa village, Giwa local government area of Kaduna State. The plant material was identified and authenticated by a botanist in the herbarium...

1309. ANTI-DIARRHOEAL AND SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDIES ON METHANOLSTEM BARK EXTRACT OF IRIVINGIA WOMBOLU VERMOESEN (IRVINGIACEAE) IN LABORATORY ANIMALS

Abstract

Irvingia wombolu is one of the herbal plants used as food for its nutritional values. It is also used as medicinal plant in the south-south and south-eastern part of Nigeria for the management of diarrhoea and other ailments. Although these medicinal plants are believed to be harmless with their utilization, scarcity of scientific evidence on the claimed pharmacological activities of this plant is an issue of concern. This study was aimed at evaluating the antidiarrhoeal an...

1310. ANTIDIABETIC PROPERTIES OF MUCUNA PRURIENS L. (D.C.) SEED EXTRACT AND ITS TABLET FORMULATIONS

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus and its complications continue to be one of the highest causes of morbidity and mortality in recent times. Although many drugs are commercially available for use in the management of diabetes, their side effects and high costs underscore the need for new drugs. Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. (Fabaceae) is among the plants used in the management of diabetes in the tropics. The antidiabetic and ameliorative effects of the seed ethanolic extract of M. pruriens on a...

1311. ANTICONVULSANT STUDIES ON METHANOL LEAF EXTRACT OF LAGGERAAURITA LINN.F.IN LABORATORY ANIMALS

ABSTRACT

LaggeraauritaLinn. belongs to the family of Asteraceae. It is an annual herb which is found growing as weeds in Nigeria and spread throughout the sub-Saharan Africa. In Nigeria, Laggeraaurita is used asa remedy for pediatric malaria and in the management of epilepsy in Niger state, Nigeria Safiya, M, (personal communication, October 10, 2014). The study was conducted to evaluate the anticonvulsant potential of the methanol leaf extract of Laggeraaurita(LAME) using pentylene...

1312. ANTICONVULSANT STUDIES OF THREE SYNTHESIZED DICHLORO- SUBSTITUTED PHENYL PROPANAMIDES AND THEIR ACTION ON VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS (Nav1.6)

Abstract

The field of antiepileptic drug development has become dynamic, affording many promising research opportunities. Continued efforts are being made in the development of antiepileptic drugs employing a range of strategies, including modification of the structures of existing drugs, targeting novel molecular substrates and non-mechanism- based drug screening. This research is aimed at conducting anticonvulsant studies on three synthesized dichloro-substituted phenyl propanamid...

1313. ANTICONVULSANT STUDIES OF THE METHANOL EXTRACT AND FRACTIONS OF CASSIA SIAMEA LAM. (FABACEAE) IN MICE AND CHICKS

ABSTRACT

Cassia siamea is a shrub belonging to the Fabaceae family, native of Southeast Asia. The plant is commonly used in traditional medicine to treat hypertension, malaria and diabetes. Due to the easy cultivation of the plant, its widespread and also remarkable biological activities, Cassia siamea has become a worldwide medicine. The study was conducted to assess the anticonvulsant potential of the methanol extract of Cassia siamea (CSME) and its fractions (EAF, NBF and RAF) us...

1314. ANTICONVULSANT AND SUB-CHRONIC TOXICITY STUDIES OF THE METHANOL LEAF EXTRACT OF DIOSPYROS MESPILIFORMIS HOCHST (EBENACEAE) IN LABORATORY ANIMALS

ABSTRACT

Diospyros mespiliformis hochst (Ebenaceae) known in English as ebony is a plant that is found throughout West Africa. The Plant was reported to have wide ethnomedical application notably in fever, whooping cough, wounds, pneumonia, syphilis, leprosy and epilepsy among others. This study examined the anticonvulsant activity of its methanol leaf extract in mice and day old chicks against pentylenetetrazole, maximal electroshock, strychnine and 4 amino pyridine induced seizure...

1315. ANTIBIOTICS SUSCEPTIBILITY STUDIES OF SOME BACTERIAL ISOLATES FROMPACKAGED MILK MARKETED IN ZARIA, NIGERIA

ABSTRACT

Milk contamination with antibiotic resistant bacteria can be a major threat to public health, as the antibiotic resistant determinants can be transferred to other pathogenic bacteria potentially compromising the treatment of severe bacterial infections. This study was conducted to investigate the antibiotics susceptibility of bacterial isolates frompackaged milks marketed in Zaria. Two hundred packaged milk samples were bought from five locations (forty samples from each) i...

1316. ANTIBIOTICS SUSCEPTIBILITY AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF CLINICAL ISOLATES OF E. coli FROM AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL SHIKA, ZARIA

ABSTRACT

Antimicrobial drug resistance is a global challenge with the emergence of resistant bacterial strains worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the incidence of E. coli in ABUTH Shika, Zaria (from March 2011 to February 2012), their antibiotics susceptibility pattern, molecular characterization and possible presence of E. coli serotype O157:H7. Clinical isolates of E. coli from inpatients and outpatients were collected and cultured on eosin methylene blue to obtain p...

1317. ANTIBIOGRAM OF UROPATHOGENIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS IN SOME HOSPITALS IN BIRNIN KUDU, JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA.

ABSTRACT

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common infection of human being and if untreated could lead to serious complications. This study was conducted to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of uropathogens from patients in two hospitals in Birnin kudu, Jigawa State, Nigeria. In this study, the antibiotic resistance profile and the plasmid profile of some multi-antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from urine samples of patients from Birnin kudu community in North-...

1318. ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF HONEY ON Staphylococcus aureusEscherichia coli and Streptococcus pyogen ISOLATED FROM WOUND

ABSTRACT

Antibacterial activity of honey obtained from two different locations in Enugu State (Nsukka & Ugwuaji) Nigeria on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pyogens isolated from wound was studied. Agar well diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activity of the honey on the test microorganisms. The result revealed that the two honey samples have heavy antibacterial activities against the test organisms and zones of inhibition were obta...

1319. ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF THE LEAF EXTRACTS OF ALCHORNEA CORDIFOLIA (Euphorbiaceae) AGAINST ISOLATES FROM PATIENTS WITH RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION IN AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL ZARIA, NIGERIA

ABTRACT

Many bacterial species have been reported to develop resistance to antibiotics commonly prescribed for respiratory tract infections. Therefore, the need to search for natural products for remedy of this problem cannot be overemphasized.

One hundred and eighty (180) specimens were collected from throat (68) and ear swabs (57) as well as sputum (55) from patients with respiratory tract infection in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria, Nigeria. Isolation a...

1320. ANALYSIS OF THE RIGHT OF ACCESS TO INFORMATION UNDER NIGERIAN LAW

ABSTRACT

The Freedom of Information Act, 2011 (FoI Act) was enacted at the end of nearly two decades of public advocacy and exactly one hundred years after the Official Secrets Act was first introduced into Nigeria as a colonial Order-in-Council. This law is Nigeria’s major legislative response to redress the balance of official secrecy, elitism and non-accountable government. The aim of this research is to provide an in-depth analysis of the right of access enshrined in the F...

1321. ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF HELIANTHUS ANNUUS SEEDS EXTRACT ON SALMONELLA SPECIES AND ESCHERICHIA COLI

ABSTRACT

Medicinal plants contain active ingredients with therapeutic values. Helianthus annuus L (Asteraceae) commonly referred to as “sunflower” has been reportedly used in managing and treating some ailments over the years. This study investigated the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial effects of the crude extracts of Helianthus annuus seeds on Salmonella spp and Eschericha coli. The phytochemical screening of the methanolic and ethanolic crude extracts revealed the p...

1322. ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF CRUDE Curcuma longa EXTRACT MEDIATED SILVER NANO PARTICLES AGAINST ISOLATES FROM DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH FOOT INFECTIONS

ABSTRACT

Curcuma longa are traditionally used for the treatment of ulcers, hepatic disorder, wound healing and boost glucose control. This study assessed the phytochemical compositions (quantitative and qualitative), antibacterial activities of C. longa crude extracts, synthesis and characterisation of silver nanoparticles, antibacterial activity of extract-mediated silver nanoparticles and wound activity of EeaAgNPs. The antibacterial activity of crude extracts and extract mediated...

1323. ANAYLSIS OF THE IMPACT OF TARIFFS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NGERIA (1980-2010)

ABSTRACT

This study looks at the impact of tariff on the economic growth of Nigeria. It examines the extent to which tariff has brought about economic growth in Nigeria between the period of 1980-2010. Tariff which is a form of tax or trade restriction levied on imported goods, in order to encourage the infant industries from international competitions, this can boost economic growth. The ordinary least square method of regression was used to analysis the relationship between tariff...

1324. ANALYSIS OF URBAN LAND USE PLANNING IN MINNA, NIGERIA

ABSTRACT

Housing is a basic need of every human being just as food and clothing. Density simply refers to how much of a particular object or thing there is in a particular unit of space. The aim of this research work is to analyze urban land use planning, with the view to knowing the major density type and the area exhibiting the highest residential land use in Minna metropolis. This research analyses housing densitie, social services and infrastructure and the environment surroundi...

1325. ANALYSIS OF URBAN GROWTH AND INFRASTRUCTURAL CONDITION IN PERI-URBAN NEIGHBOURHOODS IN MINNA, NIGER STATE

ABSTRACT

The rapid expansion of cities in the 21st century is a cause for concern. More worrisome is the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas in the cities of developing countries and the associated housing and infrastructure deficit. Third world urbanization is associated with unplanned development at the periphery of cities, thus engendering unapproved land use and land cover changes. The aim of the study is to assess urban sprawl and infrastructure condition in peri-urban neighb...