COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE STRENGTH OF THE THREE MOST COMMONLY USED ANTIBIOTICS IN IBADAN: CIPROFLOXACIN, CEFTRIAXONE, AND AMOXICILLIN

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the comparative strength and efficacy of three commonly used antibiotics—Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, and Amoxicillin—against prevalent bacterial pathogens in Ibadan, Nigeria. Given the alarming rise of antibiotic resistance, which threatens the effectiveness of these critical treatments, this research employs a multifaceted approach, integrating microbiological principles, pharmacokinetics, and clinical outcomes to evaluate antibiotic strength comprehensively. The study utilized a cross-sectional design, involving the collection and analysis of clinical isolates from patients presenting with bacterial infections. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using standardized broth microdilution techniques to assess the effectiveness of each antibiotic. Additionally, sensitivity testing was conducted to evaluate the resistance patterns of isolated strains, providing insight into the clinical implications of antibiotic use in the region. Results indicated significant variations in the efficacy of the antibiotics studied. Ciprofloxacin exhibited robust activity against Gram-negative bacteria, although resistance rates were concerning, particularly among uropathogenic strains. Ceftriaxone demonstrated broad-spectrum efficacy but showed susceptibility to ESBL-producing organisms, limiting its utility in certain cases. Amoxicillin remained effective against common pathogens; however, rising beta-lactamase production posed challenges to its use. The findings underscore the urgent need for effective antimicrobial stewardship programs to combat the rising threat of antibiotic resistance. By understanding the pharmacodynamics and clinical effectiveness of these antibiotics, healthcare providers can make informed decisions regarding treatment options. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on antibiotic efficacy in local contexts, highlighting the importance of ongoing surveillance and research to inform public health strategies.

 

Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, Amoxicillin, Efficacy, Microbial sensitivity, Public health.